As your little one marks their 10th month, you'll be amazed at just how independent they are starting to become. They also begin to be adorably chatty, babbling and stringing syllables together, as they try to communicate with everyone around them.

At this age, you'll also get a feel of your baby's personality. Is she a bit shy or is she adventurous? They also begin to pick out certain books, music, and movies they enjoy.

Physical Development

Because they are becoming so curious, they naturally want to explore their surroundings. It's a good thing their motor skills are keeping up with them at this age! Not only can they crawl, they can also stand on their own from a seated position. They can sit down on their own and squat with support. Plus, they learn to move objects from one hand to the other with ease.

Taking their first steps is just around the corner at this stage, usually just a few months away!

It's also important for you to be extra wary of choking hazards, as 10-month-olds are fond of picking up small objects, thanks to the development of their pincer grasp! This is the stage when baby-proofing your house becomes so important.

photo: shutterstock

Cognitive Development

10-month-olds are curious and observant, so it's important to nurture their curiosity by allowing them to explore the world, take them outdoors or simply allow them to play with household objects to encourage their intellectual development.

They're also fond of playing peek-a-boo, as they begin to feel the urge to look for things that are hidden from them. They also begin to be observant to falling objects.

Speech and Language

Your baby's fast developing brain allows her to comprehend more words. For instance, words like mama, dada, dog, cat become staples in their daily vocabulary because they are exposed to these words daily.

Don't be alarmed if your baby tends to be a little quiet. It's natural for them to have different moods at this age.

Social and Emotional Development

10-month-olds are cute little copycats! Use your face as your best teaching tool. Make funny faces and exaggerate words; this is a great way to stimulate your baby's senses. At this age, your baby may start being wary of strangers and clingy towards certain "favorite" people.

Health and Nutrition

By now, more of your little one's "milk teeth" have erupted, so they're ready to chow down on yummy food that are thicker in consistency, like lugaw! Cut-up solid foods are also a good idea, not only are they enjoyable, they also help develop your baby's pincer grasp and coordination if they have to pick up food and put it in their mouth. At this age, it's also a good time to widen your baby's appreciation for more types of fruit, vegetables, grains, and meat.

But be careful of food that are possible choking hazards, like raisins, candy, grapes, and cut-up hotdogs.

Take an easy grip spoon and allow your little one to feed herself! Be sure to place a mat on the table or under her chair for a stress-free clean-up, as it'll be messy at first! But allowing your child to become more independent is an important part of this stage of parenting.

More tips on parenting your 10-month-old on the next page!

Parents of 1o-month-olds should nurture their development by knowing the important milestones.

Encourage babbling

They may not be communicating in complete sentences just yet, but this doesn't mean you shouldn't engage them in constant conversation. Responding to their coos and babbles with actual words will help their language and cognitive development.

Have dance parties!

Turn up the music and encourage your baby to bop and shake to the tunes! This will be great for their auditory development as well as their motor skills and coordination.

Play hide-and-seek to boost their intellect!

At this age, babies learn the concept of object permanence, or knowing an object exists even when it is not seen. Encourage this by hiding toys or books and helping them look for them.

They may be ready to wean

As we said in a previous article, it's up to moms (and babies) to decide when to wean.

They can exhibit odd behavior

This includes head banging, rolling around, grinding teeth or pulling hair as a way to deal with stressful changes in their environment. Be extra attentive, too, as they begin to form fears they never had like at this age, like when they hear thunder or the thud when a large object falls nearby.

Be observant

As with all stages of your child's development, looking forward to the important milestones will also help you determine when your little one is lagging behind.

For instance, at 10 months, babies should be responsive to words and actions, babbling and making eye contact with ease. If you find that your baby is constantly listless and unresponsive to stimuli, then it might be time to consult your pediatrician. Other things to watch out for are:

• Your baby is unable to bear weight on legs, even with support
• Unable to sit with support
• Unable to babble (“mama”, “baba”, “dada”)
• Unable to recognize people they are familiar with
• Unable to follow with their eyes when you are pointing to something
• Or, if your baby is unable to smoothly move objects from one hand to another

sources: Bounty, webMD, WhattoExpect, MayoClinic

READ: Baby talk: The importance of babbling for baby’s language development

Be sure to check out ParentTown for more insightful stories, questions, and answers from parents and experts alike. If you have any insights, questions or comments regarding the topic, please share them in our Comment box below. Like us on Facebook and follow us on Google+ to stay up-to-date on the latest from theAsianparent.com Philippines!

So, you're baby is now 11 months old, and you're pretty excited about their 1st birthday! However, just because their 1st year is a milestone, doesn't mean that there's nothing to look forward to when they're 11 months old!

Here are some of the important things that you should know about your baby's development:

Physical Development

By this time, your baby should already be moving around the house, albeit, still holding on to you, or the furniture to keep them steady while they try to move around and explore the world around them.

This is the time when you need to be really careful and keep a close eye on your little one, since they'll try to check out everything that they can see, and some would even start climbing over their cribs! It's important to keep your home safe, as your 11-month-old will start to open drawers, try to open doors and cabinets, etc. Anything that they can see is something new and interesting for them, so keep any dangerous chemicals, as well as any sharp or dangerous objects well away from them. Make sure to cover electrical sockets, as they might play with them and get electrocuted.

Your kid will be more independent, so this is a good time to let them explore things on their own, but make sure to teach them the proper boundaries, and which places are off-limits to them.

Cognitive Development

At this age, your little one will start to have their own personality. They know what they like, and dislike, and they can also experience a whole range of emotions that they didn't experience before.

They might start throwing tantrums if you take away their favorite toy, or if they don't particularly like the food that you're giving them. They'll learn to use crying as a way to get what they want at this stage, so it's important to know how to discipline and handle your little one at this stage in their development.

Speech and Language

Chances are, you've already discovered the 'big word' that your kid learns at this stage. It's 'no'. You'll start hearing it a lot, especially since at this time, your 11-month-old will start getting picky when it comes to food, and they'll have tantrums, especially if they still want to play but it's already nap time.

Your child will also be able to say a few very simple words, so it's good to start reading to them in order to get their brains ready for learning more words as they grow older. You can start teaching them different words for objects, and how to use them. Your child's memory will also start to improve at this stage, so they'll understand more words as the months go by.

Social and Emotional Development

At 11 months, your baby will start to become aware of what's happening in their surroundings, and they'll be observing what the people around them are doing, and sometimes even try to imitate them. They'll also start to play with other kids around their age, but some kids still prefer to play alone instead of with other children.

Discipline is important during this time, as they'll now be able to understand simple instructions and commands, so it's a great time to start teaching your child various social skills, as well as setting some simple rules for them.

Health and Nutrition

Your baby should now be able to drink on their own, or with a little assistance. When it comes to food, this is when they start to become more picky on what they want to eat, so it's important to be patient, and try out different types of food for your child.

Of course, providing them proper nutrition is very important, so make sure to feed your kids healthy fruits and vegetables as well as not too much sweets, as they might start to develop a sweet tooth at a young age. Breastfeeding is still highly recommended at this age if possible.

Go to the next page to learn more about taking care of your 11-month-old!

What does your 11-month-old need?

Help boost your child's development at this stage by exposing them to new things. You can let them touch different textures, objects, and teach them the basic shapes of things so that they can start to understand these concepts.

Reading is also recommended at this stage since your baby will now be able to relate words with various experiences. Make sure to teach new words and reinforce those words by using them often and letting your baby hear the words.

Your baby will be prone to tantrums and misbehavior at this age, so be firm when saying no, and reinforce your authority as a parent. Of course, you don't need to harshly discipline your child, a simple no and a stern voice will usually suffice.

Independence is developed at this stage, so embrace your child's newfound independence by encouraging them to walk around and explore the world around them. Of course, you should always supervise your child to make sure that they're always safe and out of harm's way.

While you might be tempted to give your child shoes since they'll start to walk at this stage, it's still best for them to walk barefoot so that they can get used to walking by themselves. Shoes or sandals might make it difficult for them to find their balance.

Source: webmd.com, babycentre.co.uk, emmasdiary.co.uk

READ: Baby Development: Your 10-month-old

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It’s the third quarter since you gave birth and it is only three months from now until your baby turns one! Your tiny tot is now uttering words that make more sense, and are now more adventurous in their activities.

Here are what you can expect now that your baby is nine months:

Physical development

Standing and cruising by holding on to something are just a few of the things your child might be able to do now that they are nine months old.

Your child may be able to sit for extended periods of time and pull themselves up to stand up from that position. Because their bones and muscles have further developed, they may now be expert in crawling and may even start crawling with just one hand and both their knees, while holding an object with the other hand.

And because they are now more mobile, their weight gain might be noticeably slower compared to the previous months, which is just normal.

Cognitive Development

Your nine-month-old is now more observant and curious – their understanding of language is improving as well. Your baby is also becoming a good listener and is now better at understanding body language.

This is the time when they might already recognize the meaning of “no” through your actions.

The ninth month will also be the time they’d start mimicking your actions, copying the sounds your make and becoming a comedic performer who will do anything to make the adults around laugh.

Speech and Language

In between constant babbling, your child might start to utter real words, phrases and sometimes, sentences.

Note that they think they are saying something you understand so remember to respond to whatever they say.

Social and Emotional Development

This is also the stage where separation anxiety is becoming an issue as well as the so-called stranger anxiety. Your baby can now easily pick up when you’re about to leave them, and become especially anxious when strangers are around.

Health and Nutrition

By this time, your tiny tot might start to become a picky eater, so it’s important to ensure that you’ve started establishing healthy eating habits to ensure they don’t miss out on nutrition.

This is also a good time to introduce new textures, tastes and flavours to their diets.

Their sleeping patterns might also change around this time as they begin to enjoy playtime more, be it in the day or at night.

More tips on parenting your 10-month-old on the next page!

How your child speaks, acts, learns, and plays offer essential clues about your baby’s development, that’s why it’s important to nurture them this early. Here are tips:

Baby in motion

Your child’s motor skills have improved a lot by this time. By now, they would have become experts in crawling – sometimes even to crawl up and down the stairs. They might also be quick in changing positions like sitting back down at ease from crawling or even pivoting. Watch out because your child might also be able to pull a stand and cruise from one place to the other while holding on to furniture (so make sure you’ve childproofed your home.)

Fine motor skills have also improved by a lot on the 9th month. Your little one will already be able to pick up smaller toys and better coordinate their hand movements.

As your nine-month-old is more eager to move, you can encourage this by giving them plenty of space to move.

“Mama, dada”

Your child’s babbling may start to sound more like real words now – meaning you can probably start hearing ‘dada’ and ‘mama’.

While it is more likely that your child just babbles constantly, it doesn’t mean they are not picking up on comprehension. At this stage, your little one might still be comprehending more from your tone than the actual words. This means the more you talk to them, the better they learn how to communicate.

Careful, though, as this also means whatever you say, they might end up imitating.

Actions speak louder

Your nine-month-old child is able to understand what you tell them better through your actions than through your words.

This stage place an important role in making them understand the difference between emotions and as well as the good and the bad.

Through the tone of your voice, your child can pick up if you are pleased or not. They may now also start to understand the word “no,” however, they may not obey it just yet or may but not all the time. Using the word sparingly can help them understand it better. Saying it and following up by removing him from the scene or say, the object you don’t want them touching or sucking, and introducing a new object will help them pick up its meaning.

Every child is unique

While these are common developmental feats that can be observed in nine-month-old babies, it is important to remember that each child is unique when it comes to meeting the milestones. This guide is only to help you find out what your child might be able to achieve at this stage in their life.

If you are concerned of your child’s development, it is always best to consult the you paediatrician to ensure that you are properly guided.

READ: Baby Development: Your 10-month-old

Be sure to check out ParentTown for more insightful stories, questions, and answers from parents and experts alike. If you have any insights, questions or comments regarding the topic, please share them in our Comment box below. Like us on Facebook and follow us on Google+ to stay up-to-date on the latest from theAsianparent.com Philippines!

Did you know that your baby can communicate with you even before they utter their first words?

From the time they are born, babies develop a need to express themselves. During the first few months, 90% of communication between parents and babies is non-verbal. They often cry as a way to express hunger or exhaustion. But there are subtle cues that, when paid attention to, can help you get to know your baby more.

Making faces

Each baby is different, but what they have in common is their tendency to make faces, like frowning or wrinkling their forehead, which means they are responding to the world around them. They're also cute little copycats! That's why they tend to laugh or copy the wacky faces you make when you're playing with them.

At about 3 to 6 months, babies start to imitate facial expressions of fear, sadness, or surprise. Always remember that babies are observant and that you should be careful not to look so stressed around them. Relax your muscles and hug them tight while rubbing their backs. They may not understand what upsets you, but they will learn the concept of the comfort of their parent's touch.

Breaking eye contact

When babies avert their gaze, it may mean they are overwhelmed and need a break.

"From about two months on, babies disconnect if they're feeling overwhelmed or over stimulated," author and Psychology professor Linda Acredolo, Ph.D. tells Parenting.com. "Sometimes, the baby will turn his head to the side almost stubbornly, or play with his fingers or toes, or even start crying—anything to break contact with an adult."

For new parents, Dr. Acredelo's advise is to allow the baby some downtime and refrain from forcing them to look back by tickling or talking to them. Once they turn back to you, that's when you can reconnect with them.

Smiling

At about 6 to 8 weeks, your baby starts to smile! This is truly one of the most unforgettable moments for parents. Smiles signal contentment, like a warm towel after a bath, or seeing a familiar face. Parents can encourage more smiles, by saying nice words, smiling back, or laughing.

Arching her back

When your baby does this, they may feel some sort of internal or external discomfort. During breastfeeding, it can also mean she is full. Stopping feeding or changing your baby's position usually helps remedy this.

Rubbing their eyes or ears

This means that they are tired or feeling something is itchy. They can also pull their ears or rub them, as they are some of the most sensitive parts of their body.

Once you see your baby do this, consider putting them down for a nap. But if your baby has a fever, she may have an ear infection, hence the rubbing. Be sure to take her to the doctor as soon as possible.

Crying because of hunger, pain, or tiredness

There are different reasons why your baby cries. Though they may sound the same at first, you'll soon be able to differentiate them. For instance, a "hungry cry" is usually short, low-pitched and lasts for a few seconds. If not responded to, it gets more intense. Attending to your baby reassures them and builds trust.

As for the "pain cry," it's a cry that doesn't rise and fall. It's about twice as long as cries of hunger and it's usually continuous. Check if your baby's source of discomfort is a soiled diaper or if she's too cold or too warm. Inspect her clothing or swaddle, if you can't seem to calm them, perhaps there is some internal pain that warrants a visit to the doctor immediately.

The "tired cry," which parents usually note after 3 months, is a softer version of a baby's "pain cry." How can you tell? This usually happens when your baby has difficulty sleeping. Try holding and stroking them while rocking them back and forth.

Babbling and laughing

Like we said, babies are cute little copycats and at around 3 months of age, they start to mimic and match their mommy and daddy's tone of voice. They start to coo and babble and are able to string syllables together. At 6 months and beyond, they begin to learn how to convey emotions through their tone.

Encourage your baby's language development by babbling back to them. These first conversations will do wonders, not only for their growth, but for your bond as well!

READ: Baby talk: The importance of babbling for baby’s language development

sources: KidsHealth.com, Parenting.com, WebMD, emedicinehealth.com

Babies are astonishing little human beings! Not only are they "sponges" that soak up new knowledge, they already have an amazing skill set that allows them to show off amazing abilities even before they can walk or speak.

Let's take a closer look!

1. Babies can sense emotions

As early as a few months after birth, babies can already differentiate between happy and sad expressions. By the time they reach a year old, they can already sense how people around them feel. A study conducted in Japan found that babies as young as 10 months can express sympathy.

They also display that they care through acts of concern. For instance, when someone drops an object, they quickly crawl to retrieve it, showing how they're eager to help.

2. Babies can communicate using hands

Even before they learn to use words, babies can already speak using hand gestures! Encouraging baby sign language has been found to make it easier for babies to learn words. At around 9 to 12 months, they begin to point to try and let those around them know what they're seeing or hearing. They also use this to make requests.

Previous studies have found that children who used sign language as babies grew up to be better learners and problem solvers.

3. Babies can do math

As early as 6 months, your baby can amazingly comprehend the concept of math errors and use logic to solve problems.

Researchers found evidence of this when they showed a group of infants a puppet show and observing how they reacted to adding or subtracting puppets.

4. Babies can learn more than one language

Babies have the power to learn a second language! Encouraging them to be multi-lingual enhances their memory, thinking ability, and concentration, studies have found.

Another study found that bilingual babies learn about 50 words by the time they reach 18 months. As compared to the 10 words a baby learning only one language can speak at 18 months.

5. Babies can recognize faces

A week after birth, babies adorably know their mommy and daddy's faces. At 6 months, they already have the ability to pick out familiar faces from a crowd!

What's more, they can also find humor when you make funny faces! Not only does it entertain them, being silly with them stimulates their socioemotional development. It also promotes bonding and improves their ability, early on, to laugh and respond to amusing situations.

sources: Parents, Psychology Today, Parenting Science, LiveScience, What to Expect

READ: 7 Adorable milestones that help you bond with your baby before age 2!

Moms and dads of little babies, you all wait so eagerly for your baby to hit his various cognitive and physical milestones. That first smile, the first roll, and the first time your baby stands on his own are just some of these.

What if you came across someone who brought forward a significant milestone by at least a few months?

Say hello to the Baby Whisperer from Iceland!

Snorri Magnusson is a development therapist who runs a three-month course for babies, and promises to have little ones as young as 3-4 months old standing on their own by the end of it.

This milestone comes a whole six months earlier than when most other babies around the world achieve it.

Image from YouTube.

Magnusson claims that most babies around 3.5 months old in his course can stand unaided for at least 15 seconds by the end of the lessons.

"The parents are always very surprised, really surprised by what their babies are able to do," he mentioned to Newshub.

The one-hour lessons are conducted twice a week and take place in a swimming pool in Reykjavik. Magnusson claims that these tiny babies are able to stand like this because of one thing: a strong back. "Because when there is strength in the spine and the upper body you can do whatever," he says.

The "Baby Whisperer's" classes start with a warm-up where little ones - safe in the pool with their moms and dads - are encouraged to reach out and grab objects.

Next, the infants are helped to somersault on a floating mattress, following which Magnusson raises them up on one hand where he claims they are able to stand without help.

Parents love to wonder what their baby will be like when they grow up, like what their personality will be or what talents they'll possess. Parents also love predicting more measurable aspects, like IQ, weight, and height. Do you want to know if your baby will grow up tall? Aside from gender---boys usually grow taller than girls--here are some signs to help you better predict your child's future height.

1. They were long at birth

Your baby's length at birth can be very telling of their future height. On average, the length of a full-term baby is about 20 inches (50 cm). It usually ranges from 18 in. (45.7 cm) to 22 in. (60 cm). After the first month of life, babies usually grow 1.5 in. (4 cm) to 2 in. (5 cm) more.

2. They're tall compared to other toddlers

Once your little one reaches the toddler stage, observe his height as compared to his peers. If he seems taller, then he will most likely grow up to be taller than his classmates. If they appear shorter, though, don't worry. Growth spurts happen throughout childhood and extends until puberty. Girls normally stop growing at age 16, while boys reach their adult height by age 18.

photo: dreamstime

3. You and your partner are tall

As with many other aspects of growth and development, genetics play a huge part. If you and your spouse or partner are naturally tall, then your child will most likely inherit your height. But there are cases where the children of average sized or tall parents can suddenly stop growing for some unknown reason, or what is known as Idiopathic Short Stature (ISS).

4. Your baby gets good nutrition

Making sure your child gets the nourishment and nutrition he needs is integral to boosting his growth potential. Giving them the right vitamins and nutrients is most crucial during the first three years of life. Examples of the right food to raise tall kids are foods rich in calcium, like milk, yogurt, and spinach as well as protein-rich foods, such as eggs, oatmeal, and lean meat.

5. They have no condition that could hinder growth

There are conditions that can stunt your child's growth, like dwarfism, which is a genetic disorder that causes a child to grow to an adult height not exceeding 4'10". Another condition that might stop your kid from reaching their height potential is childhood growth-hormone deficiency, which occurs when the pituitary gland isn't producing enough growth hormone. Usually diagnosed by the age of 2 or 3, this deficiency can massively slow down your child's growth.

Here are some formulas that will help you predict it (somewhat) more accurately.

The Height at Young Age Method

If you have a son, double his height at age 2. If you have a daughter, double her height at 18 months.

example: A boy is 35 inches at age 2. 35 doubled = 70 inches, or 5 feet, 8 inches tall.

example: A girl's mother is 5 feet, 3 inches tall (63 inches), while her father is 6 feet tall (72 inches).

• 63 + 72 = 135 inches
• 135 - 5 inches for a girl = 130 inches
• 130 divided by 2 =65 inches

The girl will be an estimated 5 feet, 4 inches tall.

We hope this helps you confirm if you're child will truly reach his full height potential!

sources: Romper, Healthline, Babycenter, EMedicineHealth, WhatToExpect

READ: 4 Easy exercises to help your kids grow (much) taller

Is there anything more delightful than the sound of a baby's hearty laughter?

More than being super adorable, making your baby laugh has a positive effect on your baby's development. Studies have also shown that laughing has health benefits; it helps lower blood pressure, boosts circulation, and improves the immune system.

Best of all, laughing together as a family promotes priceless bonding!

Here's how to make your baby laugh at different stages of development.

Newborn to 1 year old

Babies at this stage respond to sensory stimulation, even when it comes to humor. So exaggerated gestures and expressions do the trick!

• Play with their feet while reciting "This Little Piggy" then tickle them gently
• Making silly faces and exclaiming "Uh-oh!" when you drop something
• Play the classic game of peek-a-boo! Make sure to change your expressions to crack your little one up!

1 to 3 years old

Your little one is fast developing and he's becoming more active, keep up with him while trying to make him laugh by incorporating funny moments while encouraging them to explore the world around them. Remember that toddler humor mostly focuses on things bathroom-related, because this is their way of coping with the many body changes they're experiencing, specifically potty training.

• Chase them by crawling after them. Once captured, covering them with hugs and kisses.
• Toddlers are little copycats. Make funny faces and allow them to copy you!
• Sing or speak rhyming words!
• Make farting noises on their tummy using your mouth.

2 to 4 years old

By this time, your kid has learned how to babble and hum. They also find the unusual funny. So make sure not to be afraid to be silly and to encourage them to be the same way!

• Sing songs with silly choruses and dance along using wacky moves
• Play dress up! Pretend to put on your kid's clothes
• Make a smiley face on their pancakes or other food!

READ: 7 Adorable milestones that help you bond with your baby before age 2!

When will your newborn flash you her very first smile?

After 9 long months, your little one is finally here and you cannot stop grinning from ear to ear as you cuddle and coo with her.

But don't expect your newborn to immediately gaze into your eyes and give you a toothless smile just yet -- this is a milestone which usually comes when your baby is around two months old.

Is it really important to try to get a smile out of your bub, and what can you do to encourage a tiny grin out of her?

Reasons why babies smile

You might think that little grimace could possibly be your newborn's first smile, but if she's only a few weeks old, chances are that it is probably just her passing gas!

Other reasons that your baby might look like she's smiling could actually be because she is:

• Falling asleep
• Feeling content
• Very comfortable
• Urinating
• Pooping

Even if her supposedly grin is due to flatulence or because she is straining to poop, this doesn't mean you can't enjoy that adorable little face and pretend that it is a real smile is just for you.

What this milestone means

You can expect your baby's first smile to appear when she is about six to eight weeks old, where she will flash you a genuine "social smile".

During her two-month check up, the doctor might also ask you whether she's flashed her first smile, as this milestone indicates a few things at this stage such as:

Understanding of human behaviour

Not only is it a sign that she's growing up, but it also shows that she is starting to figure out human behaviour as she realises that it is normal for humans to smile at one another.

Communication

Instead of just crying, your bub will discover that smiling back at you will get your attention and most likely a positive response.

Brain development

As your baby grows, she will observe the world around her and pick up new skills which is a good sign that her brain development is advancing right on track.

You can help encourage your baby to show you her first smile

How to make your baby smile

If you have been anxiously waiting to see your little one's sweet first smile, there are a few ways you can help to encourage a gummy grin out of her, like:

• Smile at her
• Cuddle her
• Play with her
• Talk to her as often as you can
• Kiss her
• Hug her

Be patient and just continue to shower your baby with love and affection to help put a smile on her face.

When to worry

Each child is different from the other and develop at their own time and pace, so if your two month old baby has not given you a smile yet, this is no cause for concern.

But if an older baby or toddler does not smile when smiled at, this could possibly be an early sign of autism, which is a spectrum that causes delays in certain basic areas of development, such as learning to talk, playing, and interacting with others.

However, if your baby hasn't smiled at you but is able to vocalise herself, make eye contact and respond to your verbal and visual cues, then it could just mean that she may not have a smiley personality.

Remember to always voice any concerns to a doctor about your baby's growth and development.

How old was your baby when she first smiled at you? What did you do to get a smile out of your little one? Share your stories with us below.

Republished with permission from: theAsianParent Singapore

Mums and dads may have noticed that their baby needs no language to get her message across to you. Even when she is just a few weeks old, parents end up understanding what their little princess wants! However, as she grows up, she needs to express herself using her ability to speak and reach the language milestones in time. And it is just amazing to watch her babbling turn to words!

Language milestones come in handy when you want to check your daughter's progress. Here are is a language milestone checklist loosely based on the National Institutes of Health, USA guidelines, so check if there are any red flags.

Milestones by the age: 1 year

1. Understands her own name
2. Pays attention when spoken to
3. Understands simple instructions, for instance, 'don't eat that!'
4. Responds to simple requests, for instance, 'please give it to me!'
5. Understands common words when used with gestures e.g. “hello!”
6. Can associate pictures with words and sounds, for instance, 'tiger roars!'
7. Laughs when you laugh and may try to sing along with you
8. She imitates familiar words
9. Babbles with intention and gives her own words to objects.
10. She starts using nouns most exclusively
11. Says 2 – 3 words besides “mama” and “dada”
12. Calls you out instead of crying for attention
13. She is able to participate in games involving other children, like passing the ball and pat-a-cake

Red flags at 1 year

1. Does she not respond to you when you call her name?
2. Does she babble little or not at all?

Milestones by the age: 2 years

1. Understands deniers like 'no' and 'don't'
2. Can point out around 5 body parts
3. She can fetch objects from another room when asked
4. Nods “yes” and shakes head for “no”
5. Understands more words than can say/speak
6. She understands simple questions like “where is the door?”
7. Enjoys listening to stories
8. She can repeat sounds, e.g. say ”meow” and points towards a cat
9. Asks for food or toys using their pet words
10. Uses single words more frequently than sentences
11. She uses words like “more” if she likes something repeated
12. Can use 10 to 20 words including names
13. She answers ‘what is that’ questions
14. Can accurately name a few everyday objects objects
15. Begins to use words like “I”, “me” and “you”
16. Starts to combine nouns and verbs like “ boy-come' and 'bye-cat'
17. She can combine two words such as “mummy, Hi!”, 'no-no'

Red flags at 2 years

• Is your child still unable to speak?
• Does your child prefer to be alone and loathes company?
• Does your child use more gestures than words?
• Are you unsure if she understands what you are saying?

My child does meet a few milestones on the checklist

The checklist is a collective observation where 90% of children do these things by the age indicated. So, if your child does not 'check' one or more of these milestones in time, it does not mean there is something wrong with her. It may simply mean that she is a late bloomer as they say.

That said, if the red flags are flagged, it is time to meet your doctor. Luckily, all this assessment is generally done as a part of your growing up check-ups. If you fill up the health booklet regularly before each scheduled checkup, you will have better questions to ask your doctor.

An online copy of the booklet can be found here.

If your child needs therapy, your doctor will refer her to a relevant speech and language expert. An early diagnosis will help your child immensely, so talk to your doctor even if you have the slightest doubts.

Republished with permission from: theAsianParent Singapore

Apart from being pretty and cute, and an absolute delight to dress up, did you know that baby girls are markedly different from baby boys?

Here are 9 amazing facts about baby girls, and we think you'd be surprised!

1. Baby girls are usually easier to deliver

Apparently, mums giving birth to baby girls have a shorter labour, by as much as  24 minutes! They are also less likely to beg for pain relief along the way. This may be because baby girls are usually smaller than baby boys.

Also, statistically, women carrying baby girls  have easier pregnancies than those carrying baby boys. Mothers seem to have a higher risk of certain pregnancy complications like high blood pressure and placenta abnormalities, when carrying boys.

2. Baby girls are usually born later than boys

It's commonly said that baby girls are born later than boys - and it is probably true.

According to this report, boys are slightly more likely to be born premature than girls.

3. Baby girls are usually smaller and lighter than baby boys

Girls babies are generally a little smaller in weight and length, than boys, by about five ounces and a half-inch. On an average, baby boys weigh seven pounds and ten ounces at birth, while girls weigh only seven pounds and two ounces.

4. Baby girls may have periods

You may spot thick, milky discharge from the vagina of your 2-day-old baby girl. And don’t be shocked to see blood in her diaper soon after.

During pregnancy, a surge in maternal oestrogen levels can stimulate a female foetus’s uterus. These hormones build up the lining of the uterus.

Dr Chan Poh Chong, Head & Senior Consultant, Division of General Ambulatory Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, National University Hospital, tells us about baby girl periods, “It is commonly seen during the 1st week as the infant girl’s oestrogen level from her mother drops after birth and a ‘mini-withdrawal’ bleed occurs. They usually resolve in 2-3 days and parents should only worry if the bleeding persists.”

5. Baby girls can lactate

Play of hormones again.

Apparently, it is quite common for newborn baby boys and girls to lactate due to the high levels of mum's hormones they are exposed to, throughout pregnancy and childbirth.

Babies can develop tiny breast buds due to a fall in the level of certain hormones. These buds can contain small amounts of milk, which they will release.

Baby lactation, also called witch's milk, usually subsides around the second week of life.

6. Baby girls may have breasts

It's normal for newborn babies (boys and girls) to have mild or even swollen, enlarged breasts and/or lumps under the nipple. They are usually due to exposure to maternal hormones in the womb.

These lumps and enlarged breasts in the baby may be quite noticeable at birth, and may continue to grow after birth for a while. If you were to pinch them, some real breast milk may be expressed.

The breast tissue should shrink on its own over a few weeks, and eventually becomes quite flat. Occasionally a normal, small amount of tissue remains, but it usually doesn't grow or cause discomfort.

7. Baby girls talk faster than baby boys

Girls seem to understand what you're saying before boys do, start speaking earlier (at around 12 months versus 13 to 14 months for boys), and will continue to talk more through the toddler years. At 16 months, they produce as many as 100 words, while the average boy utters closer to 30.

According to Dr. Joy Lawn of the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, "Girls walk sooner than boys. They talk sooner than boys. They develop more quickly..."

Baby girls even gesture more, like waving bye-bye or pointing at stuff they want, and play games like patty-cake sooner.

8. Baby girls are great observers 

It has been observed that baby girls are drawn more to people, colours and texture, while boys seem to prefer movement or action, like moving cars.

In fact, studies have shown that, even with babies who are given strictly non-gender specific toys and guidance, boys still gravitate to toys such as cars and trains, while girls will gravitate toward dolls and faces, even with infants.

Baby girls also more skilled at reading emotional expressions; if shown a frightening face, for example, they'll look at mummy or get distressed. Even as babies, girls are quicker to pay attention to other people’s facial expressions and are more empathetic to distress. According to various studies, boys take longer to notice the difference.

9. Baby girls are better listeners

Apparently, research shows that girls are "more attuned to the sound of human voices and seem to actually prefer the sound to other sounds." Meaning, girls might actually show greater interest when you talk to them, as compared to boys.

Republished with permission from: theAsianParent Singapore

Baby girl ‘periods’ and other newborn ‘worries’ no one warns you about!

Watching your baby take their first few steps is one of the most wonderful moments of a parent's life. It's a sign that your beloved child is starting to grow up, and soon enough they'll be running around and exploring the world around them.

Of course, you wouldn't want to miss any of those special moments, so here are some signs that would tell you if your baby is ready to take their first steps!

1. They're starting to pull themselves up

The first thing that your child needs to be able to do before they can walk would be to pull themselves and stand upright. So once you're seeing signs that your child is starting to pull themselves up while they're on the crib, or while they're crawling, then they might be getting ready to start walking.

2. They start to become fussy

Whenever babies start a new milestone, such as when their teeth start growing, then they usually become very fussy. So if your child starts to become a fussy eater, then that's a possible sign that they're getting ready to walk.

3. They get extra sleepy

Whenever babies go through a growth spurt, they tend to sleep more. This usually happens around 10-11 months, which is right around the time that babies start walking.

4. They're becoming more adventurous

If you see that your baby is starting to explore their surroundings, or is trying to test the waters of their balance, then that's another sign that they're going to start walking pretty soon.

This varies depending on the child, as some kids tend to be more cautious or more adventurous than others. But you'll definitely notice when your child wants to start walking.

Source: newparent.com, thebump.com

READ: This amazing video shows newborn walking immediately after birth

Paglabas ng unang ngipin ng iyong sanggol, saka mo pa lamang maiisip kung bakit nga ba naging iritable at iyakin siya nung mga nakaraang linggo. Bawat bata ay may kakaibang karanasan at nararamdaman sa tuwing magngingipin. Kailangang alamin ni Nanay at Tatay ang mga hudyat ng bagong karanasan (at milestone na rin) na ito upang malaman kung paano makakatulong na mabigyan ng ginhawa ang pakiramdam ni baby.

May ibang hindi naman nakakaranas ng malaking pagbabago o kahit anong sakit, ngunit may mga bata ding hirap at talaga namang lubhang sakit ang pinagdadaanan. Mabuti na lamang ay maraming maaaring gawin para maintindihan ang sakit na hindi maipaliwanag ng isang sanggol, at maremedyuhan ang kondisyong ito.

Kailan nga ba nagsisimula ang pagngingipin?

Ang mga sintomas ay sadyang nauuna ng halos tatlong buwan kaysa sa paglabas mismo ng ngipin. Karaniwang lumalabas ang ngipin sa ika-6 na buwan, ngunit may mga tabang 3 buwan pa lamang ay may mga nagsisimula nang lumabas. May iba rin na umaabot ng halos isang taon bago pa magkangipin. Madalas na nauuna ang dalawang ngipin sa harap, sa ibaba, kasunod ng dalawang ngipin sa harap din, sa itaas.

Ano ang mga karaniwang sintomas?

Paglalaway

Ito na ang pinakakaraniwang hudyat. Nagsisimula ang labis na paglalaway na ito mula ika-10 linggo hanggang 4 na buwan.

Payo: May mga nabibili na ngayong panyo na hugis tatsulok, para sa mga sanggol at toddlers na naglalaway. Nilalagay ito sa leeg, na para ding bib, upang hindi naman kumalat at mabasa ang suot na damit. Malambot ang tela para hindi masugatan o mairita ang balat ng bata sa bandang baba at leeg dahil sa dalas ng pagpunas dito.

Pag-ubo at pagduduwal

Dahil sa dami ng laway, minsan ay halos nabubulunan na at inuubo ang bata. Karaniwan lang ito at hindi dapat ikabahala.

Nahihilig mangagat

Mapapansin na halos lahat ng mahawakan ng bata ay isinusubo at parang nginangatngat. Dahil nga naglalabasan na ang ngipin, ang natural na aksiyon ng bata ay idiin ang gilagid o “kumagat” sa anumang matigas na bagay.

Payo: Karaniwang teether o pacifier ang nakakatulong dito. Subukang gumamit ng teether na nilalagay sa freezer para malamig kapag kinagat o nginuya ni baby. Kapag malamig kasi, natutulungang mamanhid ang gilagid. May mga nabibili na ring teething mitts o mittens na nilalagay sa kamay ng bata, at mga malalambot na laruan na ligtas kagatin.

Madalas na pag-iyak

Ayon sa aklat na Caring for Your Baby and Young Child: Birth to Age 5 ng American Academy of Pediatrics, may mga batang nahihirapan dahil sa sakit ng pagkamaga ng kanilang gilagid o gums sanhi na nga ng lumalabas na ngipin. Lubhang masakit ito lalo na ang mga unang ngipin at ang mga molar.

Payo: May mga maaaring i-resetang pain reliever ang iyong pediatrician o dentista, kaya’t ikunsulta ito kung labis na ang pag-iyak ni baby. Subukang gamitin ang malinis na daliri sa pagdiin o magaan na pagmasahe sa gilagid ni baby.

Madalas ang paggising sa gabi

Minsan magugulat ka na lang dahil ang iyong anak na dati’y nakakatulog na ng buo sa gabi, ngayon ay gumigising at umiiyak na sa hatinggabi o madaling araw.

Payo: Iwasang pakainin siya sa tuwing mangyayari ito dahil ayaw mong masanay siyang muli sa pagkain sa oras na dapat ay tulog siya. Yakap at halik ni Nanay at Tatay ay pinakamabisang remedyo sa pag-iyak ni baby.

Ayaw kumain

Gustuhin mang kumain o dumede kay Nanay, hirap si baby na gawin ito dahil na nga sa pamamaga ng gilagid. Kaya’t lalong iritable dahil nga gutom na, ay may sakit pang nararamdaman.

Payo: Magtanong sa doktor kung paano matutulungan ang iyong anak na kumain, kung lumagpas na sa isang araw na hindi siya kumakain, mahina ang kain niya ng ilang araw na. Sinasabing ang malalamig na inumin ay nakakatulong na maibsan ang sakit, para sa mga batang anim na buwan pataas. Bigyan si baby ng malamig na tubig (walang yelo) sa bote o baso. Subukan ding pakainin ng malalamig na pagkain tulad ng yogurt, applesauce, pinalamig na saging (mashed).

photo: dreamstime

Sinisinat

Dahil nga namamaga ang gilagid, maaaring magkaron ng sinat o mababang lagnat si baby, na hindi naman dapat ikabahala.

Payo: Kung higit sa 101 degrees at umabot ba ng 3 araw, itawag o ikunsulta na sa pediatrician.

Ang diarrhea o pagtatae ay karaniwang nararanasan ng mga batang nagngingipin. May mga nagsasabing hindi ang pagngingipin ang sanhi ng pagtatae at wala itong kinalaman sa kondisyong ito. Pero ayon kay Joel Vergel De Dios, DMD, maaaring ang pagsubo ng mga iba’t ibang bagay ang nagdadala ng bacteria sa sistema ng bata, kaya’t nagtatae ito. Ngunit hindi ang pagngingipin ang direktang dahilan nito.

Ganoon din ang lagnat. Ayon din sa American Academy of Pediatrics, sa panahong nagngingipin ang bata, bumababa din ang passive immunity na nakuha nito sa antibodies ng ina mula sa sinapupunan, kaya’t mas bukas ang bata sa pagpasok ng mga bactria at virus. Tandaan na kung may lagnat, pagsusuka o pagtatae, maaaring may mas malaking dahilan ito, liban sa pagngingipin. Ikunsulta agad ito sa doktor.

BAWAL! Ayon sa Food and Drug Administration (FDA), huwag bibigyan si baby ng topical numbing agents, tulad ng herbal o homeopathic teething gels at iba pang katulad na medisina.

KUNG ang anak ay wala pa ring ngipin pagdating ng 18 buwan, ikunsulta ito sa iyong pediatrician, na maaaring mag-rekomenda ng pediatric dentist para kay baby. Hindi dapat mabahala kung huli ang paglabas ng ngipin ng anak. Kailangan lang siguraduhing walang ibang komplikasyon ito.

Sources: Caring for Your Baby and Young Child: Birth to Age 5, 6th Edition (Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Pediatrics); Dr Joel Vergel De Dios, DMD, DOCTORS CLINICS and DIALYSIS CENTER of the National Kidney and Transplant Institute, East Ave.

BASAHIN: 6 Importanteng tanong para sa magiging doktor ng iyong anak

With the impressive milestones to look forward to as your baby approaches his second year, you may also encounter certain behavioral problems. But worry not, moms and dads, these are all part of your little one's wondrous development.

Here's a monthly guide on your child's behavioral development along with how to handle issues that may arise as a result of it.

12 months

During this time, your little one may be learning how to walk! Though this milestone is a great step in their motor development, other areas may regress because of it. His sleeping pattern, for instance, may be affected. Since walking takes a lot of physical and emotional energy, it may cause him to need more sleep or be too energetic to fall asleep during his designated bedtime. It's important not to worry and be patient. Make "temporary adjustments" like offering more snacks, providing more time to nap, and showering them with affection to support them through these changes.

13 months

At this age, your growing toddler might exhibit aggressive behavior, like hitting, pushing, and biting. To tame this, it's important to stay calm, remain firm when discouraging them from doing such behavior. Limit their media consumption that may be promoting violence, even in subtle ways. Examples of these are violent toys or scary local news stories. Know what sets them off. Are they tired or hungry? You can also provide a healthy release for their aggressive behavior, like hitting a beanbag, or kicking a soccer ball outdoors. Finally, it's best to be patient and be a good role model.

14 months

At this stage in their development, your tot may be throwing more tantrums than usual. It's important to understand that this can be their way of coping with thoughts and feelings they can't fully express just yet. They want to be independent and in control. In some cases, it could be due to fatigue, hunger, or even boredom.

When handling tantrums, avoid giving in to your toddler's demands. Because this conditions them to view their fits as a way to get what they want. Steer clear of physical punishment, as it does more harm than good.

It could also help to engage your child in a fun activity like hide-and-seek, make them laugh through tickling, or you can even distract them by giving an object they're not normally allowed to play with, like your phone, for a limited time, of course.

15 months

During this time, your toddler's previous fear of strangers tends to show up again. Even familiar relatives, like aunts and uncles, tend to cause them anxiety. This natural phase of development goes away with time, but here's how to handle it when it happens: first, reassure your child that everything is okay and that there is nor reason to be scared. Then, prepare your relative or anyone causing your child anxiety that this stage is normal. Finally, take it slow and be within view and within reach of your child.

16 months

A 16-month old toddler may become sleep deprived without his parents even knowing it. Some subtle signs include: being moody, throwing tantrums at certain times of the day, or being hyperactive (as an effort to stay awake).

To handle this, figure out the best sleep schedule for your child and stick to it. Watch out for sleepy behavior, like rubbing eyes, sucking thumbs, or crankiness. If you note these, set them down for a nap before they become too exhausted.

17 months

Toddler separation anxiety is common at this age. So to avoid a tantrum, it's best to prepare your child for the parting. If you're going to work, try to talk to them and hold them before a certain time each day. Be consistent and patient. Help them build a good relationship with their yaya or guardian who will care for them while away. Make sure to fill up their day with fun activities to look forward to. It would be helpful to make the goodbye quick and avoid calling throughout the day, just so they can adjust to your absence. When you return, make it casual; this will help them learn that being apart for the day is not a big deal.

photo: shutterstock

18 months

At this age, your toddler may resist or exhibit stubbornness when you try to leave them in a stroller or high chair. This is because they may feel too caged and limited. So what should you do? Offer distractions, such as singing to them or playing their favorite songs. Giving them toys and treats might also do the trick.

For car seats, for instance, show them that their favorite stuffed toy or doll is buckling up, too! This can make it more fun for them. You can also invent a rule, like "Mealtime can only start when you're in your special chair!" Most of all, be patient and consistent.

19 months

This is a time when odd toddler behavior--like nose and belly button picking---tends to surface. These weird toddler habits are common, so it's best to relax. To manage them, don't prohibit them. Instead, establish a "safe area" to do them. For instance, tell your child that nose picking can only be done when in the bathroom. Offering a substitute, like sucking on a straw instead of their nails, can also help. Keeping their hands occupied with a book or toy could also help curb this behavior. Remember: limiting the behavior can help get rid of it entirely.

20 months

At 20 months, aggression tends to become an issue. Because of their fast-developing motor and emotional skills, they tend to hit, scratch, or bite their playmates or caregivers as a way of coping with changes. Though natural, it's important for parents not to ignore this. Consistently discourage verbal or physical violence of any kind. It's also not okay to hit back in revenge. Speak calmly and don't lash out, as this only sends your tot the wrong message.

21 months

At this age, your child is learning how to self-feed, so it's important to teach them proper table manners. Playing with or throwing food, though fun for them, should be discouraged. They're also fond of repeating tasks and can exhibit drastic mood swings. Make routines regular and praise their effort and not just accomplishments. Constant positivity will help them strive for better behavior.

22 months

It's natural for 22-month-old toddlers to exhibit perfect behavior at school or in public, but then throw fit after fit when they're home alone with you. Don't despair, as this is a sign that they feel safe and comfortable enough with you not to filter their emotions.

To handle a whining, fussy toddler, remember to model patience first. Speak calmly but firmly to show your little one they are loved, but they need to learn to be respectful.

Give them more attention and allow them to vent. Letting out their frustrations can be just running around in a playground, reading a book the like, or listening to music they enjoy. Explaining your feelings can also helps, as toddlers can grasp the concept of empathy. Delegate to your partner once in a while, too. Most importantly, though, don't take discipline for granted. Your toddler has to start learning there are consequences. Here's a few tips.

23 months

Once your toddler is 23 months old, they may find it difficult to shift from one activity to the next. For instance can become so engrossed in playtime at a mall play area, that they show resistance when it's time to go home. Prepare them for this by using a countdown or an alarm. Make the transition easier by making it fun. For instance, make up a "pack away song" when it's time to tidy up. Toddlers will also be more open to leaving if they can take a special object on the road with them. It can be as simple as a donut from a birthday party or a leaves from a park.

Throughout your baby's first year, it's important to embrace both their achievements and challenges. As we said, it's all part of their development and your growth and enrichment as a parent as well!

sources: WhattoExpect.com, Baby Center

Bibong bibo at talaga namang nakakatuwa ang batang si Scarlet Snow Belo. Marahil ay kilala na siya ng lahat at hindi na kailangan pa ng pagpapakilala. Hindi ka man mahilig sa artista, ay mahihilig ka sa mga video posts na nagpapakita sa kadaldalan at nakakaaliw na pagkanta ng batang ito. Siya lang ang bata sa bahay nila, pero bakit nga ba sa edad na 3 taon ay ang dami na niyang alam sabihin, at tahasan pa siyang nakikipag-debate sa yaya o mga magulang niya?

Ang Language Development o paglinang sa talinong pananalita ng isang bata ay tumutukoy at sumusuporta sa pag-unlad ng kaniyang pakikipag-usap at masabi ang kaniyang mga naiisip at nararamdaman. kasama na dito ang mag-isip ng kritikal lalo kapag may problemang hinaharap, at mapabuti ang kaniyang relasyon sa kapwa.

Parang ang bigat, hindi ba? Hindi ba’t bata lang ang pinag-uusapan? Bakit parang kumplikado?

Sa panahon ngayon ng high-tech na mga bagay at computer-generated na impormasyon, pati likhang artificial intelligence, hindi pa rin maaaring isantabi ang kahalagahan ng kakayahang umintindi at makaintindi ng mas malalim na mga bagay o paksa (critical thinking), at ang paggamit ng mga salita o pananalita sa araw araw na buhay.

Lahat ng ito ay kailangan ng isang batang munti upang mapagtibay ang pundasyon ng kaniyang literasiya o literacy—ang kakayahang magsalita, magsulat at umintindi ng matematika at aritmetik. Sa madaling salita, ito ang magiging basehan ng talinong magsalita o magbasa.

Ano ang kinalaman kay baby?

Nakakamanghang masaksihan kung paano nadedevelop ang kakayahang magsalita at makipag-usap ng mga bata mula pagka-sanggol hanggang 3 taong gulang. Kaya naman ito ang paborito kong edad sa pagtuturo.

Sa nakaraang 6 na taong pagtuturo sa isang nursery, lalo’t ang mga bata ay galing sa iba’t ibang bansa at kultura, sadyang nakakatuwang makita ang mabilis nilang pagkatuto.

Ang sikreto ay simple lang: pakikipag-usap, pagkanta, at pakikinig.

Ang unang 12 buwan o isang taon ng bata ay ang kritikal na panahon ng paglilinang sa kaniyang language development. Ang pagtuturo at pagkatuto ay magtutuloy-tuloy sa kaniyang buong buhay.

Ang early years ng isang bata ang pundasyon ng lahat ng kaniyang pagkatuto, kaya’t sa nakaraang ilang dekada, pinaigting ang pag-aaral at pagtugon sa lahat ng developmental needs ng mga bata. Pati ang Deparment of Education ang tumugon na din sa paglinang at pagsasanay sa mga guro at caregiver ng bata sa mga day care centers, upang maturuan ang mga bata sa unang 6 na taon ng kanilang buhay, at mabigyan sila ng mga gawain at learning environment na tutugon sa developmental needs.

Paano nga ba mahahasa ang language skills ni baby?

Subukan ang mga sumusunod upang matulungan ang maging bihasa ang pagsasalita ng iyong anak.

Kausapin palagi

Kahit baby pa at puro ooh at ahh lang ang maririnig kay baby, kausapin siya palagi at ituring itong parang nagsasalita din. Pagmasdan mo ang mga tugon niya sa pamamagitan ng mata, tango at ngiti, at malalaman mong may naiintindihan siya sa mga sinasabi mo.

Kung hindi man niya lubusang naiintindihan, ang pakikipag-usap na ito ang paraan para maturuan siya. Hangga’t maaari, huwag hayaang tahimik lang ang paligid, kahit naglalaro siya ng kaniya. Patuloy na magsalita at kausapin siya dahil dito niya matutunan ang mga una niyang salita. Tahimik lang dapat ang paligid kapag tulog siya o nagpapahinga.

Ang teoryang ito ay isinaad ni B.F. Skinner, isang behaviorist na nagsabing ang isang bata ay unang natututo sa kapaligiran niya. Kung ano ang palagi niyang nakikita at naririnig, natural nitong matutunang ang mga ito. Naka-kondisyon din ang batang tumugon sa kaniyang kapaligiran.

Tugunan ang mya hudyat ng pakikipag-usap niya

Maging alerto sa mga pakikipag-usap ni baby, lalo na kung nagsisimula na itong tawagin ka. Pati mga senyas niya gamit ang kamay ay mahalaga. Kung tumatawa siya at nagtatatalon, sabihing “Masaya ka? Bakit ka excited?” Kung umiiling siya, o umiiwas sa ibinibigay na pagkain, sabihing “Ayaw mo ba? HIndi mo gusto ang lasa?”

Lahat ng pagkakataon na mabigyan ng kaukulang salita o label ang pakiramdam niya ay gawin, dahil ito ang unang pagkatuto niya mula sa iyo.

Bawat salita o pagtugon sa bata ay mahalaga. Talinong emosyonal at verbal ang natutugunan sa ganitong paraan.

Ayon naman sa nativist linguistic theory ni Noam Chomsky, ang isang bata ay may natural at intrinsic na kakayahang magsalita o gumamit ng salita. ngunit kakailanganin ng tulong ng mga tao sa paligid ng bata upang lubusang ma-develop ito. Sabi niya, lahat ng sanggol ay may Language Acquisition Device (LAD) sa utak, pagkapanganak pa lang.

Kung pagyayamanin daw ang pakikipag-usap sa bata, at mabibigyan ng maraming salita, matutunan niya ito ng mas madali at magagamit ang mga natural na niyang alam.

Lahat ay may "narration"

Nagluluto na si Mommy, Halika, aakyat tayo sa itaas para kunin ang bag ko, Masakit ang ulo ni Mommy, halika magpahinga tayo.

Bukas ang tainga at isip ng bawat bata, kaya’t lahat ng naririnig niya at nakikitang ginagawa ng mga nakapaligid sa kaniya ay nakukuha niya.

Gumamit ng iba’t ibang salita, kahit mahirap intindihin sa iyong pakiwari. Tandaan din na kung anong wika ang ginagamit, yun din ang mapupulot niya. Kung Ingles mo kakausapin, yun ang matutunan niya. Kung Bisaya o Tagalog, matutunan niya ito kung palaging naririnig.

Habang lumalaki, lalo pagdating ng 2 taong gulang, kausapin siya. Kung umiiyak o nagbubuwisit, bigyan siya ng angkop na salita para dito: Gutom ka ba? Nasaktan ka ba? Ano ang gusto mong laruan? Gusto mong lumabas kaya ka umiiyak?

Kadalasan iyak ang paraan nila dahil nga hindi nila maipaliwanag ang nararamdaman, kaya’t tayong mga nakakatanda ang tutulong sa kanila na pangalanan ang mga pakiramdam na ito.

Makinig din sa mga sinasabi at kinukwento niya. Kung bumisita siya sa Lolo at Lola, makipagkuwentuhan kung anong ginawa nila, o kung nag-enjoy ba siya.

Kumanta din palagi

Kung gusto mong magturo ng bagong salita o paksa sa isang bata, ikanta mo. Ang mga Nursery Rhymes o kantang pambata ay hindi lamang pang-aliw. Ito ang ginagamit sa mga nursery o paaralan para magturo sa mga bata ng iba-t-ibang paksa.

Kaya naman may kasamang action o hand movements dahil ito ang paraan ng pagpapaliwanag o pagtuturo sa mga bata kung ano ang ibig sabihin ng mga salitang kinakanta. Sa paulit-ulit na pagkanta, naaalala niya ang mga salitang nasa awit, pati na rin ang ibig sabihin nito.

Kagawian ang pagbabasa ng aklat

Maglagay ng munting “Reading Corner” sa kaniyang kuwarto o sa isang lugar sa bahay ninyo. Ilang libro lang na nasa kahon, ay sapat na, upang malaya siyang kumuha mula dito at magbasa. Oo, kahit hindi pa niya naiintindihan ang mga nakasulat dito, ang mga larawan ay gustung gustong pagmasdan ng mga bata.

Kung siya ay binabasahan ng libro araw-araw at gabi-gabi, makikita niya ang kasiyahan sa pagbabasa kaya’t makakagawian niya rin ito. Pag-usapan ang mga nasa larawan at magtanong ng tungkol dito. Hayaan siyang magbigay ng mga hinuha o ideya niya tungkol sa nakikita, kahit pa minsan ay malayo sa pinag-uusapan.

Pumili din ng mga librong tungkol sa nangyayari sa kaniyang buhay ngayon, o may kinalaman sa pinagdadaanan ng bata tulad ng “I am a Big Sister” ni Caroline Jane Church, o “I want my Potty” ni Tony Ross, o “Ang Prinsesang Ayaw Matulog” ni Feny Delos Angeles-Bautista.

Napakarami nang libro ngayon na tumutugon sa iba’t ibang bahagi ng child development, at mga librong nakakatuwa para sa bata, tulad ng mga aklat nina Dr. Seuss, Eric Carle at Julia Donaldson.

And pagbabasa nang malakas o reading aloud ay ang nagpapakita sa bata na may koneksiyon ang nakasulat (print) sa sinasabi, at sa nararamdaman.

Ang unang tatlong taon

Sa unang tatlong taon, napakabilis ng pag-unlad sa pagsasalita at literasiya ng isang bata. Ito ang mga pagbabago at maaasahang pagkatuto ng isang bata.

Tandaan na ang mga ito ay developmental milestone na inihayag ng mga Language Development theorists ayon sa mga pagsasaliksik at pag-aaral sa mga bata. Hindi ito ang tanging batayan, dahil hindi lahat ng bata ay pare-pareho.

Every child is unique, at totoo ito pati na rin sa development ng bawat isa. Ang mga ito ay gabay lamang sa kung ano ang maaaring asahang makita o mapansin sa anak. Hindi eksakto, kaya’t huwag mag-alaala na nahuhuli o hindi natututo ang iyong anak. Gawin itong basehan ng kung ano pa ang pwedeng maibigay na learning opportunity o karanasan sa bata para mapagtibay ang kakayahang inaasahan.

Ika-3 hanggang 12 buwan

Ito ang panahon ng puro tawa, hagikgik, sigaw, at babbling na tinatawag kung saan puro pattern ng tunog ang maririnig. Magsisimula siyang magsabi ng Ma-ma o Da-da o Pa-pa, lalo kung palagi niya itong naririnig. Kasabay din nito ang pagkaway ng mga kamay at pagwagayway ng brasa, pati pagsipa lalo’t galak na galak. Pagadating ng ika-10 hanggang ika-12 buwan, dumarami na ang salitang natutunan niya, lalo’t palagi siyang kinakantahan at kinakausap.

Mahalaga din ang pandinig, dahil ang sound o tunog ay kasama sa pagkatutuong magsalita. Bigyan siya ng mga laruang may tunog at musika, o gumawa ng shaker gamit ang gamit nang plastik na bote ng tubig at mga bagay na makakalikha ng tunog tulad ng hilaw na mais o macaroni pasta, butones, bigas. Takpan at i-glue ang takip para hindi matanggal. Tiyak matutuwa ang batang gumawa ng tunog gamit ito.

Ika 12 hanggang 18 buwan

Dito na nabibigkas ang mga unang salita at pagsasama ng mga salita. Patuloy na dadami ang mga salitang alam ng bata at kadalasan ay makahulugan ang mga ito. Dito na rin siya magsisimulang makipag-usap sa kapwa bata o sa mga matatanda.

Nakakaintindi na rin siya at alam na niya ang gusto, kaya’t kapag pinagbawalan mo ay iiyak o magbubuwisit ito. Higit sa lahat, maaari na siyang turuang gumawa ng mga bagay bagay tulad ng craft (pagdidikit, paghawak ng crayon at pagguhit sa papel) at maski pagliligpit ng mga laruang nakakalat.

Kung hindi pa nariringgan ng kahit anong ingay (babbling) o salita ang bata sa gulang na ito, maaaring ikunsulta sa kaniyang doktor upang makita agad ang posibleng problema. Maaaring irekumenda ng doktor ang hearing tests, para makasiguro.

18 buwan hanggang 2 taon

Ito na ang panahon ng pagdami pa lalo ng sinasabi ng bata. Nakakagulat dahil minsan, sakto talagang pagdating ng 2 taong kaarawan, biglang nagiging madaldal at walang tigil sa pagsasalita ang bata. Dito na siya matututong magpahayag ng naiisip at nararamdaman gamit ang simple ngunit buong pangungusap.

Nakakaintindi na rin siya ng mga sinasabi ng mga nakatatanda, at mas kaya na niyang gayahin ang mga sinasabi nila, o palaging naririnig na mga salita.

2 hanggang 3 taon

Ito ang edad na talaga namang nakakagiliw. Maliit pa ang kausap mo, pero parang matanda na ang mga sinasabi nito. Dito makikita na kung paano siya kausapin ng mga nakatatanda sa kaniya, ganoon din ang paraan ng pakikipag-usap niya.

Kaya nga sinasabi ng mga eksperto na iwasan ang baby talk, o pakikipag-usap na parang bata o bulol. Dahil imbis na matuto siya ng tamang pananalita, ang mali ang gagayahin niya. Habang naglalaro, nakikipag-usap din siya, at mahihilig siyang kumaway at mag “hi” at “hello”, at “babay” (bye-bye) sa mga tao kung ito ang nakikita niyang ginagawa palagi ng mga nakatatanda.

Paalala lang muli na ang bawat bata ay may iba’t ibang development pace. Ang iba ay mas mabilis at ang iba ay nangangailangan ng mas matagal na panahon at mas maraming halimbawa. May kaniya-kaniya din silang “learning styles” kaya’t hindi dapat ikumpara sa ibang bata. Hindi din dapat mag-alala na nahuhuli ang anak kaysa sa mga pinsan niya o sa kapitbahay.

Kung may napapansin na hindi pag-usad, maaaring ikunsulta sa doktor ng iyong anak.

BASAHIN: 11 Senyales na hindi pangkaraniwan ang talino ng anak mo

sources: KENPRO (2010). Theories of Language Development in Children. KENPRO Online Papers Portal; Bigge, M. and Shermis, S. (1998). Learning Theories for Teachers. London: Longman; Gleason, J.B. and Ratner, N.B. (2009). The Development of Language, 7th Edition Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc.

As a new parent, you might have heard a lot of conflicting information about your baby's development. We're here to help debunk the myths and share with you the facts about your baby's development.

1. Toys can make your baby smarter

This one is a myth. While toys are fun and help your child's development, there's really no scientific basis on what some toys claim that they can make your baby smarter.

You don't need to buy those fancy and expensive toys if you want your child to be smart. The most important thing would be to engage them in learning and encourage them to be curious and to explore their environment.

2. Your youngest child will start talking late

Birth order can potentially play a role in your child's development, but that isn't always the case. So this one's a myth.

It's important to know that every child is unique, and there are a lot of factors involved if your child's speech is delayed. So you shouldn't automatically think that the reason why your child developed late is because they're you're youngest child.

3. Reading books too close will damage your child's vision

When your baby starts to read, you'll notice that they usually put their face close to the books they read. For the most part this isn't actually true, so it's a myth.

If you notice your child reading books close to their face or watching TV very close, then they might be near-sighted. If you're worried, you can go to a doctor to see if they might need glasses.

4. A tall baby will grow up to be a tall adult

Having a tall baby doesn't always mean that your baby will grow up to be a tall adult.

Your child's birth length might not necessarily reflect your child's adult height, but as they grow older, if you notice that they are taller than their peers, then that might indicate that they'll be tall as an adult.

5. Your child will inherit your allergies

If you have respiratory allergies, then there's a chance that your child will inherit your allergies. However, if you or your spouse doesn't have any respiratory allergies, then you don't need to worry about your child having those allergies.

Allergies can indeed be inherited, but there are also other factors involved. That's why it's best if you can get your child an allergy test so that you can know if your child has any allergies.

6. You shouldn't be worried about language delays

When it comes to language delays, it's best to talk to your pediatrician about it. Some kids are just late bloomers, while there are some cases that a child can have a developmental disorder.

If it seems that your child's a bit delayed in their speech and language, then don't be afraid to consult your pediatrician.

Source: parents.com

READ: Sundan ang Language Development ng iyong anak

Moms and dads are constantly worried about whether or not their little one is developing normally or not. That's why a lot of parents can get paranoid whenever their child's development seems delayed or it's slower than their peers.

But when it comes to your child's speech, should you be worried if your child is a late talker?

Is it normal for your child to be a late talker?

When it comes to language development, there are 2 important aspects to consider. First would be what's called "receptive vocabulary" or the words that your child can understand.

Second is what's called "expressive vocabulary" or the words that your child uses to express themselves and communicate.

This means that if your child is a late talker, then it's possible that their expressive vocabulary might be a bit delayed, but their receptive vocabulary could be developing normally. In some cases, children communicate through gestures, which can mean that they are trying to express themselves, but are just having some difficulties doing it verbally.

Studies have also found that kids who are late talkers but communicate through gestures do eventually catch up with their peers when it comes to their expressive vocabulary.

Ideally, your toddler should already know at least 300 words by the time they're 3 years old.

Should you be worried if your child is a late talker?

If it seems that your child has difficulty communicating as well as understanding words, while their peers are able to understand more words than them, then it would be best if you can visit your doctor for a consultation regarding your child's development.

Early diagnosis of a language problem is important since the earlier it can be diagnosed, the better the chances that it can be treated. This is why parents who feel that their child might be delayed in speech shouldn't be scared to visit the doctor for a proper diagnosis.

If your child has been diagnosed with a speech delay, a speech pathologist can help you by providing different forms of therapy as well as teaching you exercises that you can do with your child in order to improve their speech.

It's important for parents of kids with speech delays to always be positive and to constantly monitor their child's development in order to know if the therapy is working or not. Parents also shouldn't feel guilty, but instead, focus on how they can help their child's development.

Source: parents.com, parents.com

READ: 10 ways to let your toddler’s language development blossom

These days, you might notice some parents letting their babies watch educational shows on TV. However, does this mean that it's okay for babies to watch television at their young age?

What effects can watching TV have on a child's brain?

Watching TV by itself can't damage your child's brain, however, face-to-face interaction is very important for babies since it helps their developing brains create connections.

If you constantly let your baby watch TV instead of taking the time to talk to your child, their development might be delayed since they might miss out on actual human interaction.

Additionally, even if you let your baby watch educational videos, they will have a hard time understanding what they're really watching, since they might not even know what the images they're seeing represent.

What if I just turn on the TV while they're not watching?

Sometimes, people like to turn on the TV to act as a background noise while they're doing chores, or taking care of their baby. However, this actually makes it even more difficult for babies to learn since the noise can distract them from learning new words and from observing how the people around them interact with each other.

It also makes it hard for babies to concentrate, since turning the TV on can mess their attention span and make them easily lose focus when playing with a toy. Having a short attention span isn't good for your child since when they start studying, they'll have a hard time trying to focus.

What should parents do?

What parents need to do would be to focus on face-to-face interaction and make an active effort to connect with their child. It's important for their baby to see how people interact and talk with each other so that babies can easily learn from adults.

Talking to your child constantly can help your child develop connections in their brain which can help stimulate their development. Playing games and encouraging your child to be creative also helps their growth and can even make them learn even faster.

It's important for parents to create an environment that's conducive to the growth and development of their kids since a good environment is one of the most important things that parents can do for their babies.

Source: parenting.com

READ: Television and Kids: How do I stop my child from watching TV?

It can be daunting for new parents to try and make their baby's food once they start on solids (around 4 to 6 months of age), but not only is it easier, it can offer a host of benefits. If you make it a habit to whip up your baby's food at home, it helps you make sure only the best and freshest ingredients are used. You are also given the chance to know what goes on in the preparation process, which includes making sure it is safe and sanitary.

Here are some important things to keep in mind when making homemade food for your little one.

How to choose the right ingredients

The most important thing to remember is to always use fresh ingredients, if possible. Refrain from using canned or processed ingredients, as they tend to be packed with sugar and syrup. Other ingredients to steer clear of are dairy products that are made up of raw milk that has not been pasteurized. Beware of adding honey to sweeten food, as it increases the risk of botulism.

Another good guideline to follow is to avoid dented, rusted, leaking, or unlabelled cans and jars.

photo: Pixabay

How to prepare food safely

1. Practice good hygiene

Remember: infants are at higher risk of developing illnesses and food sensitivity, so it's best to be extra careful when preparing food. Wash your hands and forearms thoroughly with soap, scrubbing vigorously to make sure your hands are clean. If you are still not confident, perhaps putting on plastic gloves could help put your mind at ease.

2. Make sure to keep your area and tools clean

Do not use the same cutting boards for fruits and vegetables as well as meat. Wash fresh fruits and vegetables with clean, clear running water. This applies even when you plan to peel them afterwards.

How to store and reheat baby food

For raw meat, poultry, and dairy products, make sure to store them in your freezer as soon as possible after you buy them. Make sure all meat, fish, or poultry is thoroughly cooked. Undercooking meat could pose health risks to your baby.

It's VERY important to throw out all leftovers in your baby's dish! We cannot stress this enough.

Don't make it a habit to keep cooked food at room temperature for more than two hours. Make sure that baby food containing meat, poultry, and eggs is not stored in your refrigerator for more than 24 hours. As for fruits and vegetables, they can only keep for 48 hours inside the fridge.

Don't defrost baby foods by allowing them to thaw in water or at room temperature. If you plan to reheat food stored that has been stored in the fridge, make sure to cook them thoroughly. And if you plan to freeze baby food, make sure to place labels and date each container accordingly.

sources: Momtastic Wholesome Baby Food, FoodSafety.gov

READ: 10 Healthy finger foods that your baby will love

If you have ever noticed the weird things babies do (including your own little one!) and wonder to yourself, "What on earth did I give birth to?"... well, don't worry, just laugh it off! Chances are your baby is totally normal and this is just what babies do!

So why do babies sometimes behave strangely? Well, they have zero life experience and are familiarising themselves with the world. The seemingly weird things babies do are mostly part of their learning process.

Here are 9 weird things babies do

1. They touch themselves... a lot

This is entirely normal! If you're in the midst of changing your baby's diaper and their hands wander down to their private parts, this is totally normal. Even if they do this throughout the day, there isn't anything to worry about. They are exploring their own bodies and getting to know themselves better. There is nothing wrong with this and they will grow out of it.

2. Random jerky movements when falling asleep

Have you ever fallen asleep and dreamed that you were falling and then wake up because of the jerk? Babies experience this too! So don't be alarmed if your little one is falling asleep and they suddenly jerk and push their arms out to the sides. This is called the Moro reflex.

3. They stand... but don't sit

One of the weird things babies do: standing up in their cribs in the middle of the night!

When your baby is about to hit their first birthday, you might walk into their room in the middle of the night to their cries and find them standing. If this happens, chances are, your little one has learnt to stand but not yet learnt how to sit.

Sitting is a skill babies should learn on their own, so don't be too quick to help them. During the day, let them practice sitting and standing so when it happens at night, they are able to sit down and go back to sleep.

4. The excessive hiccups

The first time your baby hiccups you might think it is the cutest thing in the word. But two or three hiccups turn into two or three MINUTES of hiccups and you're wondering if this is normal. Yes it is!

Infant hiccups are a bit of a mystery but there is a theory that since they are still learning to breathe and swallow, it isn't fully synchronized yet and this may cause hiccuping. Nursing or giving a bottle might help.

5. The tight grip

Has your baby ever grasped at your finger as though he was holding on for dear life? Scientists believe that this is an involuntary reflex inherited from our ancestors when holding on tightly to one's mother was necessary for survival.

In fact, research shows that when a baby grips his mom’s finger, his heart rate slows down too, putting him in a relaxed state.

6. The head-banging

If you catch your baby hitting his head against his cot repeatedly, this is (while shocking at first) also normal.

Many experts think that this motion could be soothing as it involves rocking back and forth as well as stimulates your baby’s developing sense of motion and balance. But if you’re worried he’s going to hurt himself, just ensure his cot is well-padded!

7. Making weird noises

Some babies snore, some are very quiet. But some babies make the weirdest noises and you wonder if there is anything else in the room making those noises.

Don't be too startled by the odd noises you hear. Babies sputter, whistle, groan and make other cute (but sometimes unnerving) noises while they are breathing or sleeping.

8. Crawling backwards

Michael Moore told Larry King (and the rest of the world) that he was strange as a child because he crawled backwards until he was two. But this isn't strange at all. In fact, it's common for a baby's arms to be stronger than his legs at first, causing him to use his arms push backwards rather than use his legs to push forward.

9. Sneezing even though they aren't sick

Your baby is still building up his immunity to many, many stimuli in this world. Sneezing is his body's way of banishing foreign unwanted particles in his nasal passage. Sometimes when you take your baby out on a bright sunny day and he starts sneezing, this might actually be from the sun—and not allergies. This is known as a photic sneeze.

So, there you have it - a list of completely strange but normal weird things babies do. Can you add to our list?

Republished with permission from: theAsianParent Singapore